CHINA – TAIWAN

Every recorded development, newest first. Entries carrying a score are this tracker's own assessments; the rest are the canonical record — verified history, each entry citing its source.

1. 2026-08-22 PM

   Taiwan receives its first F-16V Block 70 fighter aircraft from the United States

   The Republic of China Air Force took delivery of its initial F-16V Block 70 fighter jets supplied by the United States. The aircraft delivery updates Taiwan's air defense fleet amidst persistent air and naval pressure around the island.

2. 2026-08-20 PM

   Taiwan proposes record $35 billion defense budget for 2027

   Taiwan's executive branch proposed an 18 percent increase in defense spending for 2027, reaching a record $35 billion. The proposal prioritizes uncrewed systems and asymmetric warfare capabilities to counter PLA military activities.

3. 2026-08-12 AM

   China announces a joint naval exercise with Indonesia in waters east of Taiwan.

4. 2026-08-11 PM

   Taiwan simulates invasion defense and communications throttling during major military exercises.

5. 2026-08-11

   Current anchor records continuing PLA and official-ship activity without active war

   For the 24-hour window from 06:00 on 10 August to 06:00 on 11 August 2026, Taiwan’s Ministry of National Defense reported detecting two PLA aircraft sorties, seven PLA Navy ships, and six other official ships around Taiwan; it said both aircraft entered the southwestern part of Taiwan’s ADIZ and that ROC forces monitored and responded. The bulletin is a time-bounded Taiwan official report. It does not establish a territorial-airspace violation, attack, blockade, or change in control.

   Taiwan Ministry of National Defense

6. 2026-08-05

   Taiwan launches Han Kuang No. 42 and Urban Resilience exercises

   President Lai announced the start of the annual Han Kuang military exercises together with Urban Resilience Exercises integrating central and local government and public- and private-sector resources. The exercises are Taiwan preparedness activities; their scenarios do not prove an attack is imminent or identify a future date for conflict.

   Office of the President, Taiwan · PRC Ministry of National Defense comment

7. 2026-07-23 to 2026-07-24

   PRC navigation warning establishes western-strait live-fire areas

   China’s Zhangzhou Maritime Safety Administration published a navigation warning for live firing during specified hours on 23 and 24 July in defined western Taiwan Strait areas and prohibited entry. The temporary zones were not an implemented blockade or an attack on Taiwan.

   PRC Maritime Safety Administration · Taiwan Ministry of Foreign Affairs

8. 2026-06-01 to 2026-06-10

   PRC coast-guard and transport authorities conduct operations east of Taiwan

   The China Coast Guard announced a patrol east of Taiwan on 1 June. From 6 to 10 June, PRC transport authorities conducted patrol, traffic-enforcement, and hydrographic-survey activity and reported inspections of passing vessels. Beijing framed the operations as jurisdictional enforcement.

   China Coast Guard via China Military · PRC transport operation via China Military

9. 2025-12-29 to 2025-12-30

   PLA conducts Justice Mission 2025 around Taiwan

   The Eastern Theater Command conducted the multi-service Justice Mission 2025 exercise in the strait and areas around Taiwan. It listed sea-air patrol, joint superiority, blockade of key ports and areas, and deterrence beyond the island chain as subjects. Taiwan reported sharply elevated activity during the window.

   China Military · Taiwan Ministry of National Defense

10. 2025-04-01 to 2025-04-02

    PLA conducts joint exercises and Strait Thunder-2025A

    On 1 April the PLA Eastern Theater Command announced joint exercises around Taiwan involving sea-air combat-readiness patrols, operations for comprehensive control, and simulated strikes. On 2 April it announced Strait Thunder-2025A in the central and southern Taiwan Strait. Declared subjects included blockade control and precision strikes; these were exercise descriptions, not proof that a wartime blockade was implemented.

    PRC Ministry of National Defense, 1 April · PRC Ministry of National Defense, 2 April · U.S. Department of State response

11. 2025-03-13

    Lai government announces national-security measures and foreign-hostile-force designation

    Following a high-level national-security meeting, President Lai’s government described the PRC as a foreign hostile force under Taiwan’s Anti-Infiltration Act framework and announced 17 strategies addressing infiltration, espionage, identity and residency controls, exchanges, influence, military threats, and societal resilience. Treat announced strategies separately from later implementing laws, budgets, prosecutions, or outcomes.

    Taiwan Mainland Affairs Council

12. 2024-10-14

    PLA conducts Joint Sword-2024B

    The PLA Eastern Theater Command announced Joint Sword-2024B in the Taiwan Strait and areas north, south, and east of Taiwan after Lai’s October address. PRC sources described sea-air combat-readiness patrol, control of ports and key areas, and strikes on maritime and ground targets as training subjects. The one-day exercise was not an implemented continuing blockade.

    PRC Ministry of National Defense

13. 2024-06-21

    PRC authorities issue judicial guidelines on alleged Taiwan-independence offenses

    PRC judicial, public-security, and state-security authorities issued guidelines for applying criminal law to conduct they characterize as “Taiwan independence” separatism, including procedures for trial in absentia and severe penalties in specified cases. Record the PRC measure and claimed jurisdiction; do not imply Taiwan’s courts or population accept that jurisdiction.

    Supreme People’s Court of the PRC · PRC State Council Information Office

14. 2024-05-23 to 2024-05-24

    PLA conducts Joint Sword-2024A after Lai’s inauguration

    The PLA Eastern Theater Command announced Joint Sword-2024A in the Taiwan Strait and areas around Taiwan, Kinmen, Matsu, Wuqiu, and Dongyin. PRC sources described joint sea-air combat-readiness patrols, seizure of battlefield control, and strikes on key targets as exercise content. These were declared drills, not proof of an implemented blockade or attack.

    PRC Ministry of National Defense

15. 2024-05-20

    Lai Ching-te is inaugurated as president

    Lai took office and stated that his government would maintain the status quo, called on Beijing to stop political and military intimidation, and said the sides should pursue dialogue and exchanges on parity and dignity. PRC authorities rejected key elements of his framing. Record each position separately.

    Office of the President, Taiwan

16. 2024-02-14 onward

    Fatal Kinmen boat incident expands coast-guard and jurisdictional friction

    A mainland Chinese speedboat capsized near Kinmen while being pursued by Taiwan coast-guard personnel, killing two people. The sides disputed the circumstances and enforcement legitimacy. The China Coast Guard announced patrol and enforcement measures in nearby waters, and later negotiations addressed return of the vessel and bodies.

    Taiwan Mainland Affairs Council · China Coast Guard · Taiwan Mainland Affairs Council resolution update

17. 2024-01-13

    Lai Ching-te wins Taiwan’s presidential election

    DPP candidate Lai Ching-te won the presidency in Taiwan’s election. The DPP did not retain a legislative majority. Treat the certified vote as a leadership transition, not a referendum on formal independence or an automatic change in cross-Strait legal status.

    Taiwan Central Election Commission

18. 2023-04-05 to 2023-04-10

    Tsai–McCarthy meeting is followed by Joint Sword

    President Tsai met U.S. House Speaker Kevin McCarthy during a California transit. The PLA then conducted Joint Sword around Taiwan and described patrol, control, and precision-strike subjects. The meeting was not diplomatic recognition, and the drill was not an accomplished attack or blockade.

    Office of the President, Taiwan · PRC Ministry of National Defense

19. 2022-08-04 to 2022-08-10

    PLA conducts major exercises and the PRC issues a Taiwan policy white paper

    The PLA conducted major joint operations and missile launches around Taiwan after Pelosi’s visit. Japan reported missile impacts in its EEZ and a trajectory over Taiwan. On 10 August, the PRC issued a white paper restating its reunification policy and refusal to renounce force. The episode did not establish a continuing formal blockade.

    PRC Ministry of National Defense · Japan Ministry of Defense · PRC State Council white paper

20. 2022-08-02 to 2022-08-03

    U.S. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi visits Taiwan

    U.S. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi led a congressional delegation to Taiwan and met Taiwan officials, including President Tsai. The PRC condemned the visit and announced countermeasures. The visit was not a U.S. act of formal diplomatic recognition or a change in sovereignty.

    Office of the President, Taiwan

21. 2020-01-11 to 2020-05-20

    Tsai Ing-wen wins re-election

    Tsai Ing-wen won a second term with a record vote total and was inaugurated in May. Her administration continued to reject the PRC’s one country, two systems framework and called for peace, parity, democracy, and dialogue. The election did not itself alter territorial control or international recognition.

    Taiwan Central Election Commission · Office of the President, Taiwan

22. 2019-01-02

    Xi advances a reunification framework and Tsai rejects one country, two systems

    Xi Jinping marked the anniversary of the 1979 Message to Compatriots in Taiwan by restating the PRC’s unification objective and proposing exploration of a Taiwan application of “one country, two systems.” Tsai Ing-wen responded that Taiwan did not accept the 1992 Consensus as defined by Beijing or “one country, two systems.”

    PRC State Council · Office of the President, Taiwan

23. 2016-01-16 to 2016-06

    Tsai Ing-wen takes office and Beijing says official communication mechanisms are suspended

    Tsai won the presidency and took office without adopting Beijing’s required formulation of the 1992 Consensus. PRC authorities then said the main institutional communication mechanisms were suspended. Other forms of contact did not all cease.

    Taiwan Central Election Commission · Office of the President, Taiwan · PRC Taiwan Affairs Office

24. 2015-11-07

    Ma Ying-jeou and Xi Jinping meet in Singapore

    Ma Ying-jeou and Xi Jinping met in Singapore in the first meeting between the leaders of the two sides since 1949. They discussed maintaining peaceful development and institutional communication. No treaty, communiqué, or binding cross-Strait political agreement was signed.

    Office of the President, Taiwan

25. 2008-06 to 2014-04

    Dialogue, direct links, ECFA, and the Sunflower Movement reshape integration

    SEF–ARATS talks resumed, direct transport and postal links expanded, and ECFA was signed in 2010. In 2014, student-led protesters occupied Taiwan’s legislature over the services agreement and its review; that agreement did not enter into force.

    Taiwan Mainland Affairs Council chronology · Taiwan Mainland Affairs Council, ECFA · Office of the President, Taiwan

26. 2005-03-14

    PRC enacts the Anti-Secession Law

    The PRC National People’s Congress enacted the Anti-Secession Law. It codified the PRC’s stated objective of national reunification and authorized “non-peaceful means and other necessary measures” under conditions specified by the law. Record the legislation and its wording without predicting when or whether force will be used.

    PRC official text

27. 2000-03-18 to 2000-05-20

    Chen Shui-bian election produces Taiwan’s first transfer of presidential power between parties

    Democratic Progressive Party candidate Chen Shui-bian won the presidential election, ending Kuomintang control of the presidency. In his inaugural address, Chen offered political commitments concerning cross-Strait policy while calling for dialogue, but no formal settlement followed.

    Taiwan Central Election Commission · Office of the President, Taiwan

28. 1996-03-23

    Taiwan holds its first direct presidential election

    Taiwan held its first direct presidential election, and Lee Teng-hui won. The vote proceeded after the preceding missile tests and exercises. Record the result as a democratic institutional event, not as a plebiscite resolving sovereignty.

    Taiwan Central Election Commission

29. 1995-06 to 1996-03

    Lee Teng-hui visit, PRC missile tests, and U.S. deployments produce the Third Taiwan Strait Crisis

    The United States granted President Lee Teng-hui a visa for a private Cornell visit. The PRC later conducted missile tests and exercises near Taiwan, and the United States deployed carrier groups. No invasion occurred.

    Office of the President, Taiwan · American Institute in Taiwan archived background

30. 1992-10 to 1993-04-29

    SEF–ARATS contacts lead to the Koo–Wang talks

    SEF and ARATS discussed how to handle the “one China” question in functional talks, then their chairmen met in Singapore in April 1993 and signed practical agreements. The later term “1992 Consensus” carries disputed formulations and was not a sovereignty settlement.

    Taiwan Mainland Affairs Council · Taiwan Mainland Affairs Council, Koo–Wang agreements · PRC State Council white paper

31. 1987-07 to 1991-12

    Taiwan liberalizes, permits family visits, and establishes cross-Strait contact bodies

    Taiwan lifted martial law in 1987, authorized family visits to the mainland, ended the mobilization period in 1991, and developed the Straits Exchange Foundation. The mainland-based ARATS became its semi-official counterpart.

    Taiwan Mainland Affairs Council · Taiwan Mainland Affairs Council chronology

32. 1982-07-14 to 1982-08-17

    Six Assurances and the August 17 Communiqué add distinct U.S. policy reference points

    Before issuing the August 17 U.S.–PRC communiqué on arms sales to Taiwan, the United States conveyed the Six Assurances to Taiwan. The communiqué stated a U.S. intention to reduce arms sales over time under stated conditions, while the assurances rejected a fixed end date, prior consultation with Beijing, mediation, pressure on Taiwan to negotiate, changes to the Taiwan Relations Act, and recognition of PRC sovereignty over Taiwan.

    U.S. Office of the Historian · American Institute in Taiwan

33. 1979-04-10

    Taiwan Relations Act becomes U.S. law

    The Taiwan Relations Act established the U.S. domestic legal framework for unofficial relations with Taiwan, continuation of commercial and other relations through the American Institute in Taiwan, provision of defensive articles and services, and U.S. capacity to resist coercion. It did not recreate the terminated mutual defense treaty or state an automatic military response.

    American Institute in Taiwan

34. 1979-01-01

    United States establishes diplomatic relations with the PRC

    The United States established diplomatic relations with the PRC and ended formal diplomatic relations with the ROC, while stating that unofficial relations with the people of Taiwan would continue. Washington notified Taipei that the mutual defense treaty would terminate effective 1 January 1980.

    U.S. Office of the Historian

35. 1972-02-28

    United States and PRC issue the Shanghai Communiqué

    In the Shanghai Communiqué, the PRC stated its position on Taiwan. The United States acknowledged that Chinese on either side of the Taiwan Strait maintained there was one China and that Taiwan was part of China, stated that it did not challenge that position, and reaffirmed its interest in a peaceful settlement by the Chinese themselves.

    U.S. Office of the Historian

36. 1971-10-25

    UN General Assembly adopts Resolution 2758 on representation of China

    The General Assembly restored the rights of the PRC at the United Nations, recognized its government representatives as the only lawful representatives of China to the UN, and expelled the representatives of Chiang Kai-shek. Record only the text and institutional effect; do not claim that the resolution explicitly decided every legal question concerning Taiwan beyond its wording.

    United Nations Digital Library

37. 1958-08-23 to 1958-12

    Second Taiwan Strait Crisis begins with renewed shelling of Kinmen

    PRC forces launched an intense artillery campaign against Kinmen and Matsu. The United States escorted ROC resupply operations and reinforced forces in the region. Shelling later shifted to an intermittent pattern, but the underlying dispute remained unresolved.

    U.S. Office of the Historian

38. 1954-12-02

    United States and ROC sign the Mutual Defense Treaty

    The United States and Republic of China signed a mutual defense treaty during the First Taiwan Strait Crisis. It entered into force in 1955 and covered Taiwan and Penghu under its terms; it did not automatically place every offshore island within the same treaty treatment.

    U.S. Office of the Historian

39. 1954-09-03 to 1955-05

    First Taiwan Strait Crisis centers on Kinmen and the offshore islands

    PRC forces began heavy shelling of Kinmen, then commonly called Quemoy, and pressure also focused on other ROC-held offshore islands. The United States reinforced its regional posture, and the crisis continued through the evacuation of the Dachen Islands and later de-escalation in 1955.

    U.S. Office of the Historian

40. 1950-06-27

    United States orders the Seventh Fleet into the Taiwan Strait

    After the Korean War began, President Harry Truman ordered the Seventh Fleet to prevent an attack on Taiwan and also called on the ROC government to cease air and sea operations against the mainland. The order internationalized management of the immediate cross-Strait military risk.

    U.S. Office of the Historian

41. 1949-10-01 to 1949-12

    PRC is established and the ROC government relocates to Taiwan

    Mao Zedong proclaimed the People's Republic of China in Beijing on 1 October after the Chinese Communist Party gained control of mainland China. The Republic of China government led by Chiang Kai-shek relocated its central institutions to Taipei later in 1949 and retained effective control of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and other islands. No peace treaty ended the cross-Strait conflict.

    U.S. Office of the Historian

— BEGINNING OF RECORD —